contributed to the re-thinking of the quality of learning systems (as Founder Members the European Foundation for Quality in eLearning), as well as to the development and validation of the competencies of teachers, trainers and designers of learning resources and systems and key competencies. We have made considerable progress on interoperability of information systems for education and human resources, notably through the organisation of Plugfests, occasions to demonstrate how different systems function together, but also through our work with HR-XML, the organisation in charge of the normalisation of information for HR management systems. In addition, we have started to work with such actors as Liberty Alliance on the management of digital identities and the control of access to personal information.